- Expression of Anaphase Promoting Complex in Surgically Resected Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Adenocarcinoma of the Lung.
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Ji Sun Song, Soon Hee Jung, Minseob Eom, Sang Yeop Yi, Kwang Hwa Park, Yup Kang, Ho Young Kim
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Korean J Pathol. 2006;40(1):52-59.
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 Abstract
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- BACKGROUND
The anaphase promoting complex (APC) promotes the degradation of mitotic cyclins as well as other substrates involved in sister chromatid adhesion. This study was carried out to examine the relationship between the APC expression and the clinicopathological variables, in an attempt to determine the role of the APC in the proliferation of lung cancer and to evaluate the possibility of an aberrant APC function in surgically resected squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas of the lung.
METHODS
Immunohistochemical staining was performed for APC, Ki-67, cyclin B1, Cdc2, MMP-2 and VEGF in 55 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and 34 cases of adenocarcinoma of the lung, using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method.
RESULTS
The immunohistochemical stains for APC revealed a positive reaction in 49 cases (55.1%). The APC expression level was higher in the cyclin B1-positive group (p= 0.01), the Cdc2-positive group (p=0.001), the MMP-2-positive group (p=0.03), the group with lymph node metastasis (61.4% vs 48.9%), and the group with stage II/III cancer (60.7%) compared with those with stage I (42.9%).
CONCLUSIONS
The APC may have an aberrant function, such as a change in its role in controlling the cell cycle, and might be associated with the invasiveness and proliferation of tumor cells.
- Expression of Anaphase Promoting Complex (APC) and APC Regulatory Proteins in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma Associated with Paget's Disease.
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Kwang Hwa Park, Sang Yeop Yi, Woo Ick Yang, Yup Kang, Kwang Gil Lee
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Korean J Pathol. 2004;38(5):319-323.
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Abstract
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- BACKGROUND
Oncogene expression in Paget's disease of the breast is not well known. To characterize invasive ductal carcinoma associated with Paget's disease, we studied expression of anaphase promoting complex (APC) with its regulatory proteins.
METHODS
Immunohistochemical stainings were done with 10 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma associated with Paget's disease for APC, pituitary tumor transforming gene (PTTG), cyclin B1, p53, cyclin D1, and c-erbB-2. The expressions of these markers in Paget's disease were compared with those in the associated with carcinoma.
RESULTS
APC, PTTG, cyclin B1, and c-erbB-2 were positive in all of the cases with both Paget's disease and underlying carcinoma. p53 was expressed in Paget's disease of 6 cases (60%) and in carcinoma of 7 cases (70%). Cyclin D1 was positive in Paget's disease of 8 cases (80%) and in carcinoma of 9 cases (90%).
CONCLUSIONS
Breast carcinomas with Paget's disease seem to be distinguished by the high expression of APC, cyclin B1, PTTG, c-erbB2, and cyclin D1 in contrast to breast cancers without Paget's disease. Furthermore, the similar expression patterns of APC and APC regulatory proteins in both Paget's disease and underlying breast cancer support the epidermotropic theory as its pathogenetic mechanism.
- Relationship between Expression of Anaphase-promoting Complex and Prognostic Factors in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of Breast.
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Minseob Eom, Kwang Hwa Park, Kwang Gil Lee, Sang Yeop Yi, Yup Kang, Soon Hee Jung
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Korean J Pathol. 2003;37(1):19-25.
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Abstract
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- BACKGROUND
The role of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) is to promote the degradation of mitotic cyclins and other substrates involved in sister chromatid adhesions. The APC appears to be responsible for the degradation of cyclin B and may have a potential role in the loss of control concerning cell proliferation in mammalian cells. However, a direct link between the defects in the APC components and oncogenesis has not been estabilished. This study investigates the relationship between APC expression and variable prognostic factors in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.
METHODS
We evaluated 108 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma surgically resected from January, 1996 to May, 2000 at Wonju Christian Hospital, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University. Immunohistochemical stains for APC, estrogen receptor, and Ki-67 were done in paraffin sections using the avidin-biotin complex method. The results were compared with clinical and pathologic parameters and flow cytometric DNA analysis factors.
RESULTS
Forty cases (37.0%) showed immunopositive reactions for APC. The APC positivity in histologic grades 1, 2, and 3 were 28 cases (84.4%), 33 cases (60.0%), and 7 cases (35.0%), respectively (p=0.0011). The APC expressions in cases with the number of mitosis of less than 10, 10-19, and more than 20 per 10 high power fields, were noted in 37 cases (75.5%), 26 cases (63.4%), and 5 cases (27.8%), respectively (p=0.0016). The mean value of the Ki-67 labeling index was 221.7 in the APC-positive group and 317.9 in the APC-negative group (p= 0.0091). DNA flow cytometric analysis revealed higher APC expressions in cases with diploid patterns (p=0.0095). The APC expression rate increased significantly with decreasing histologic grade, with decreasing mitotic activity, in cases with a low Ki-67 labeling index, and those in the diploid group (p<0.05). The APC expression was not statistically correlated with clinical stage, tumor size, and estrogen receptor status.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that positive APC expression may be considered as a good prognostic factor of invasive ductal carcinoma, and loss of APC expression may be related with the progression of breast cancer.
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